What’s Included
 
Animal Nutrition
– Nutrients & their functions (carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitamins, minerals)
– Macro & micro minerals (full tables)
– Protein & energy requirements for young, pregnant & lactating animals
– Water functions and dietary importance
– Digestible vs metabolisable energy explained
– Maintenance vs production diets
– Bulky feeds vs concentrates
– Advantages of cereals in rations
– Ration ingredient tables (energy, protein, fibre, fat, minerals, vitamins)
– Feed processing for ruminants vs pigs
– Lysine requirements in pig diets
 
Animal Physiology
– Dental formulas for pigs, cattle & sheep
– Step-by-step ruminant digestion (intake → rumen → reticulum → omasum → abomasum → intestines)
– Cow vs calf digestive anatomy
– Oesophageal groove function
– Pancreatic enzyme table (trypsin, amylase, lipase)
– Liver & gall bladder functions
– Monogastric vs ruminant comparison chart
– Digestive secretions and their sources
 
Animal Reproduction
– Male & female reproductive system diagrams + functions
– Hormone tables for both sexes
– Oestrous cycle, duration of oestrus & gestation lengths for cow, sheep & pig
– Definitions (polyoestrous, seasonally polyoestrous)
– Dairy breeding: AI, sexed semen, natural service
– Sheep reproduction: synchronisation, superovulation, embryo transfer (full process)